Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG)
Presentation Layer
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
Application Layer
Synchronous Optical Networking (SONET)
Physical Layer
Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)
Application Layer
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
Transport Layer
Network Address Translation (NAT)
Network Layer
Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)
Network Layer
Post Office Protocol version 3 (POP3)
Application Layer
Das Post Office Protocol (POP) ist ein Übertragungsprotokoll, über das ein Client E-Mails von einem E-Mail-Server abholen kann. Version 3 (POP3) wird im RFC 1939 beschrieben.
Port: 110/TCP | 995/TCP (Verschlüsselt)
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
Data Link Layer
Tagged Image File Format (TIFF)
Presentation Layer
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
Network Layer
X.21
Physical Layer
Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)
Network Layer
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
Application Layer
Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP)
Transport Layer
Es dient dazu, Multimedia-Datenströme (Audio, Video, Text etc.) über Netzwerke zu transportieren, d. h. die Daten zu kodieren, zu paketieren und zu versenden. RTP ist ein Paket-basiertes Protokoll und wird normalerweise über UDP betrieben. RTP kann sowohl für Unicast-Verbindungen als auch für Multicast-Kommunikation im Internet eingesetzt werden. Das RealTime Control Protocol (RTCP) arbeitet mit RTP zusammen und dient der Aushandlung und Einhaltung von Quality-of-Service-Parametern (QoS).
Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI)
Presentation Layer
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
Transport Layer
Extended Binary-Coded Decimal Interchange Mode (EBCDICM)
Presentation Layer
Secure Remote Procedure Call (S-RPC)
Application Layer
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
Application Layer
Network File System (NFS)
Session Layer
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)
Data Link Layer
American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)
Presentation Layer
V.24 and V.35
Physical Layer
High-Speed Serial Interface (HSSI)
Physical Layer
EIA/TIA-232 and EIA/TIA-449
Physical Layer
Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX)
Network Layer
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Transport Layer
TCP Hanshake:
Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)
Data Link Layer
Structured Query Language (SQL)
Session Layer
Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
Session Layer
Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG)
Presentation Layer
Sequenced Packet Exchange (SPX)
Transport Layer
Line Print Daemon (LPD)
Application Layer
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP
Application Layer
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
Network Layer
Telnet
Application Layer
23/TCP |
Layer 2 Forwarding (L2F)
Data Link Layer
Internet Protocol (IP)
Network Layer
Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP)
Data Link Layer
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
Network Layer
Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
Application Layer
69/UDP |
Network News Transport Protocol (NNTP)
Application Layer
Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP)
Data Link Layer
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)
Data Link Layer
Secure Electronic Transaction (SET)
Application Layer
Simple Key Management for Internet Protocols (SKIP)
Network Layer
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Application Layer
Step 1: Direct browser to URL
http://www.example.com/index.html
Step 2: Browser looks up IP:
The browser uses a DNS resolver to map the domain to an IP address:
Step 3: Browser sends HTTP request
GET /index.html HTTP/1.1
Host: www.example.com
Step 4: Host sends back HTTP response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
The next part of an HTTP response are the headers. They give the browser additional details and help the browser to render the content.
These two headers are common to most requests:
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 208
Finally, the HTTP response writes out the actual document requested. This page is a simple HTML file:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Example Domain</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Example Domain</h1>
<p>This domain is to be used for illustrative examples in documents.</p>
</body>
</html>
The "Response headers" includes headers discussed above, like "Content-Type" and "Content-Length", plus lots of other interesting headers.
Step 5: The browser renders the response
Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
Network Layer
Transport Layer Security (TLS)
Transport Layer